Solved Exercises on Making Ten Strategy in Grade 1

Master the making ten strategy: addition and subtraction methods, visual representations, and mental math techniques through these 5 detailed exercises.

Solution: Exercises 1 to 3
1 Making ten with 8 + 5
Exercise 1
Solve: 8 + 5 using the making ten strategy
Definition:

Making Ten Strategy: A method where you break apart one number to make a ten with the other number, then add the remaining amount.

Making Ten Method:
  1. Look at the first number and determine how much more is needed to make 10
  2. Break apart the second number to get that amount
  3. Add the 10 and the remaining part
1
Start with 8
2
Need 2 more to make 10
3
Take 2 from 5
4
8 + 2 = 10
5
10 + 3 = 13
8 + 5 = 8 + 2 + 3 = 10 + 3 = 13
Step 1: Analyze the problem

We have 8 + 5. We want to make 10 with the 8.

Step 2: Determine what's needed

8 needs 2 more to make 10 (8 + 2 = 10)

Step 3: Break apart the second number

Break 5 into 2 and 3 (5 = 2 + 3)

Step 4: Make the ten

Add 8 + 2 = 10

Step 5: Add the remainder

Add 10 + 3 = 13

8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
2
2
8
13
5
2
5
3
8 + 5 = 13
Final answer:

8 + 5 = 13

Applied rules:

• Decomposition: Break apart numbers to make tens

• Associative Property: Group numbers differently without changing the sum

• Mental Math: Use known facts (10 + 3) to solve problems

2 Making ten with 7 + 6
Exercise 2
Solve: 7 + 6 using the making ten strategy
Definition:

Number Bonds: Pairs of numbers that add up to a specific total. For making ten, we focus on pairs that sum to 10.

1
Start with 7
2
Need 3 more to make 10
3
Take 3 from 6
4
7 + 3 = 10
5
10 + 3 = 13
7 + 6 = 7 + 3 + 3 = 10 + 3 = 13
Step 1: Analyze the problem

We have 7 + 6. We want to make 10 with the 7.

Step 2: Determine what's needed

7 needs 3 more to make 10 (7 + 3 = 10)

Step 3: Break apart the second number

Break 6 into 3 and 3 (6 = 3 + 3)

Step 4: Make the ten

Add 7 + 3 = 10

Step 5: Add the remainder

Add 10 + 3 = 13

7
7
7
7
7
7
7
3
3
3
7
13
6
3
6
3
7 + 6 = 13
Final answer:

7 + 6 = 13

Applied rules:

• Commutative Property: The order of addends doesn't change the sum

• Compensation Strategy: Adjust one number to make computation easier

• Place Value Understanding: Know that 10 is a foundational number

3 Making ten for subtraction
Exercise 3
Solve: 14 - 8 using the making ten strategy
Definition:

Subtraction with Making Ten: Use addition facts with tens to solve subtraction problems mentally.

1
Think: 8 + ? = 14
2
8 + 2 = 10
3
10 + 4 = 14
4
Total added: 2 + 4 = 6
5
So, 14 - 8 = 6
14 - 8 = ? → 8 + ? = 14 → 8 + 6 = 14 → 14 - 8 = 6
Step 1: Think addition

Instead of 14 - 8, think "What number added to 8 equals 14?"

Step 2: Make the ten

From 8, add 2 to make 10 (8 + 2 = 10)

Step 3: Add to reach target

From 10, add 4 to reach 14 (10 + 4 = 14)

Step 4: Combine the amounts

Total added: 2 + 4 = 6

Step 5: State the answer

Therefore, 14 - 8 = 6

10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
4
4
4
4
8
14
6
14 - 8 = 6
Final answer:

14 - 8 = 6

Applied rules:

• Relationship between Addition and Subtraction: Use addition facts to solve subtraction

• Counting On Strategy: Start from the smaller number and count up

• Decomposition: Break numbers into parts that are easier to work with

Rules and methods, laws,...
8 + 5 = 8 + 2 + 3 = 10 + 3 = 13
Making Ten Strategy
Number Bonds to 10
1+9, 2+8, 3+7, 4+6, 5+5
Partners that make 10
Addition Strategy
Break apart to make 10
Then add the remainder
Subtraction Strategy
Think addition facts
Use 10 as a benchmark
Key definitions:

Making Ten: A strategy where you decompose one addend to create a sum of 10 with the other addend.

Number Bonds: Pairs of numbers that combine to make another number (especially 10).

Ten Frame: A visual tool with 10 spaces to represent numbers.

Complete methodology:
  1. Identify the target: Look for which number is closer to 10
  2. Determine the gap: How much more is needed to reach 10?
  3. Decompose: Break apart the other number to fill the gap
  4. Make the ten: Add to create 10
  5. Complete: Add the remaining part
Tip 1: Practice number bonds to 10 until they become automatic.
Tip 2: Always start with the number closest to 10.
Tip 3: Use visual aids like ten frames to support understanding.
Tip 4: Connect addition and subtraction strategies for deeper understanding.
Common errors: Forgetting to add the remaining part after making ten, choosing the wrong number to decompose.
Success strategies: Master number bonds to 10, visualize with manipulatives, practice regularly.
Formulas to know by heart:

• Number Bonds to 10: 1+9, 2+8, 3+7, 4+6, 5+5

• Making Ten Process: a + b = a + (10-a) + (b-(10-a)) = 10 + remainder

• Subtraction Connection: a - b = c means b + c = a

Solution: Exercises 4 to 5
4 Making ten with 9 + 4
Exercise 4
Solve: 9 + 4 using the making ten strategy
Definition:

Efficient Computation: Using known facts (like adding to 10) to quickly solve problems.

1
Start with 9
2
Need 1 more to make 10
3
Take 1 from 4
4
9 + 1 = 10
5
10 + 3 = 13
9 + 4 = 9 + 1 + 3 = 10 + 3 = 13
Step 1: Analyze the problem

We have 9 + 4. Since 9 is closest to 10, we'll make 10 with 9.

Step 2: Determine what's needed

9 needs 1 more to make 10 (9 + 1 = 10)

Step 3: Break apart the second number

Break 4 into 1 and 3 (4 = 1 + 3)

Step 4: Make the ten

Add 9 + 1 = 10

Step 5: Add the remainder

Add 10 + 3 = 13

9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
1
3
3
3
9
13
4
1
4
3
9 + 4 = 13
Final answer:

9 + 4 = 13

Applied rules:

• Efficiency: Use the closest number to 10 for easiest computation

• Associative Property: Rearrange grouping without changing the sum

• Mental Math Foundation: Build fluency with basic facts

5 Making ten for 15 - 7
Exercise 5
Solve: 15 - 7 using the making ten strategy
Definition:

Compensation in Subtraction: Adjusting numbers to create easier calculations while maintaining the difference.

1
Think: 7 + ? = 15
2
7 + 3 = 10
3
10 + 5 = 15
4
Total added: 3 + 5 = 8
5
So, 15 - 7 = 8
15 - 7 = ? → 7 + ? = 15 → 7 + 8 = 15 → 15 - 7 = 8
Step 1: Think addition

Instead of 15 - 7, think "What number added to 7 equals 15?"

Step 2: Make the ten

From 7, add 3 to make 10 (7 + 3 = 10)

Step 3: Add to reach target

From 10, add 5 to reach 15 (10 + 5 = 15)

Step 4: Combine the amounts

Total added: 3 + 5 = 8

Step 5: State the answer

Therefore, 15 - 7 = 8

10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
5
5
5
5
5
7
15
8
15 - 7 = 8
Final answer:

15 - 7 = 8

Applied rules:

• Relationship between Addition and Subtraction: Use addition facts to solve subtraction

• Decomposition: Break numbers into parts that are easier to work with

• Place Value Understanding: Use 10 as a reference point

Key Concepts and Memory Aids for Making Ten Strategy
a + b = a + (10-a) + (b-(10-a)) = 10 + remainder
Making Ten Formula
Key definitions:

Number Bonds: Pairs of numbers that combine to make another number (especially 10).

Decomposition: Breaking apart numbers into smaller parts to make calculations easier.

Ten Frame: A visual representation with 10 spaces to model numbers.

Complete methodology:
  1. Analyze the expression: Look for numbers close to 10
  2. Choose the strategy: Decide which number to decompose to make 10
  3. Apply the method: Follow the steps of making ten
  4. Verify the result: Check by using another method
Tip 1: Always start with the number closest to 10 for easier computation.
Tip 2: Practice number bonds to 10 daily for automatic recall.
Tip 3: Use physical objects or drawings to visualize the process.
Tip 4: Connect addition and subtraction strategies for deeper understanding.
Common errors: Forgetting to add the remaining part after making ten, choosing the wrong number to decompose.
Memory aids: "Make 10 first, then add the rest" - this helps remember the sequence.
Key relationships to remember:

• Number Bonds to 10: 1+9, 2+8, 3+7, 4+6, 5+5

• Making Ten Process: Break one number to complete 10 with the other

• Subtraction Connection: a - b = c means b + c = a

• Place Value: 10 is the foundation for our number system

Questions & Answers

Question: My child seems confused about when to use the making ten strategy versus just counting. How can I help them understand when it's helpful?

Answer: Great question! The making ten strategy is most helpful when one of the addends is 8, 9, or close to 10. Here's how to guide your child:

  • Look for numbers close to 10 (8, 9) as these only need 2 or 1 more to make 10
  • It's especially efficient for problems like 8+5, 9+4, 7+6 where one number is large
  • For problems like 2+3, simple counting is faster

Tell your child: "If one number is 8 or 9, ask yourself 'How many more to make 10?' That's usually the fastest way!"

Example: For 8+5, it's easier to think "8 needs 2 more to make 10, take 2 from 5, leaving 3, so 10+3=13" than to count 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13.

Question: How do I help students who struggle with the concept of breaking apart numbers in the making ten strategy?

Answer: This is a common challenge! Start with concrete materials before moving to abstract thinking:

  • Use manipulatives like counters or linking cubes to physically break apart groups
  • Draw circles or dots that can be crossed out or circled to show decomposition
  • Use ten frames to visualize how many more are needed to fill the frame
  • Practice number bonds to 10 extensively with games and songs

Start with simple problems like 9+1, then 9+2, building gradually. Emphasize that numbers can be "friends" that work together.

Example: Show 8 counters and 5 counters separately, then move 2 from the group of 5 to join the 8, showing visually how 8+2 makes 10, with 3 left over.

Question: Why do we make 10? Why not make 9 or 11? What's special about 10?

Answer: Excellent question! We use 10 because our number system is based on 10. We have 10 fingers, so historically people started counting in groups of 10.

  • Adding to 10 is easy because we know 10+ anything follows a simple pattern (10+3=13, 10+7=17)
  • Our place value system works in tens (ones, tens, hundreds, etc.)
  • It creates a "friendly number" that's easy to work with mentally

Think of 10 as a "round number" - it's like reaching a milestone. After 10, we just add the extra amount. Making 9 or 11 wouldn't be as helpful because those aren't the base of our number system.

Example: 10+4 is easier than 9+4 or 11+4 because you just put the 4 in the ones place after the 10.