Solved Exercises on Making 10 to Add in Grade 2

Master making 10 to add: advanced number bonds, addition strategies, mental math techniques, and visual representations through these 5 detailed exercises.

Solution: Exercises 1 to 3
1 Making 10 Addition
Exercise 1
Add: 8 + 7 using the "making 10" strategy
Definition:

Making 10 Strategy: Break apart numbers to form 10, then add the remainder

Addition method:
  1. Look at the first number (8) and determine how many more needed to make 10
  2. Break apart the second number (7) into parts
  3. Add to make 10, then add the remaining part
Original
8 + 7
Make 10
8 + 2 = 10
Remainder
7 - 2 = 5
Final
10 + 5 = 15
Step 1: Identify how many more to make 10

From 8 to make 10, we need 2 more

Step 2: Break apart the second number

7 = 2 + 5 (we take 2 to make 10 with 8)

Step 3: Add to make 10

8 + 2 = 10

Step 4: Add the remainder

10 + 5 = 15

8 + 7 = 15
Final answer:

8 + 7 = 15

Applied rules:

• Number Bonds: Know pairs that make 10 (2 + 8 = 10)

• Decomposition: Break apart the second number strategically

• Associative Property: Group numbers to make 10 first

2 Making 10 Addition
Exercise 2
Add: 9 + 6 using the "making 10" strategy
Definition:

Making 10 Strategy: Break apart numbers to form 10, then add the remainder

Original
9 + 6
Make 10
9 + 1 = 10
Remainder
6 - 1 = 5
Final
10 + 5 = 15
Step 1: Identify how many more to make 10

From 9 to make 10, we need 1 more

Step 2: Break apart the second number

6 = 1 + 5 (we take 1 to make 10 with 9)

Step 3: Add to make 10

9 + 1 = 10

Step 4: Add the remainder

10 + 5 = 15

9 + 6 = 15
Final answer:

9 + 6 = 15

Applied rules:

• Number Bonds: Know that 9 + 1 = 10

• Decomposition: Break 6 into 1 + 5

• Associative Property: Group to make 10 first

3 Number Bonds
Exercise 3
Complete the number bond: 7 + ? = 10
Definition:

Number Bond: Shows how numbers can be split into parts that make up the whole

Expression
7 + ? = 10
Known Part
7
Missing Part
3
Step 1: Start with the known part

We have 7

Step 2: Count up to 10

7, 8, 9, 10 → We counted 3 more

Step 3: Verify the answer

7 + 3 = 10 ✓

Step 4: Complete the number bond

7 + 3 = 10

7 + 3 = 10
Final answer:

7 + 3 = 10

Applied rules:

• Counting Up: Count from the known part to the target

• Part-Whole Relationship: The sum of parts equals the whole

• Verification: Check that parts add up to the whole

Rules and methods, laws,...
8 + 7 = 8 + 2 + 5 = 10 + 5 = 15
Making 10 Addition
Addition
8 + 7 → 8 + 2 + 5 → 10 + 5
Make 10 first
Number Bonds
7 + 3 = 10
Parts make whole
Strategy
9 + 6 → 9 + 1 + 5 → 10 + 5
Break to make 10
Key definitions:

Making 10: A strategy to break apart numbers to form 10 first

Number Bonds: Pairs of numbers that add up to a specific total

Decomposition: Breaking apart numbers into smaller parts

Associative Property: The way numbers are grouped doesn't change their sum (a + b) + c = a + (b + c)

Complete methodology:
  1. Identify the target: Look for ways to make 10
  2. Break apart strategically: Split numbers to reach 10
  3. Add in parts: Make 10 first, then add remaining parts
  4. Verify the result: Check your answer
Tip 1: Practice number bonds to 10 until automatic (1+9, 2+8, 3+7, etc.)
Tip 2: Use fingers or counters to visualize making 10.
Tip 3: Think "How many more to make 10?" when adding numbers close to 10.
Common errors: Forgetting to add the remainder after making 10, miscounting parts.
Memory aids: Remember number bonds to 10: 1+9, 2+8, 3+7, 4+6, 5+5.
Strategies to know by heart:

• Making 10: 8 + 7 = 8 + 2 + 5 = 10 + 5 = 15

• Breaking apart: 9 + 6 = 9 + 1 + 5 = 10 + 5 = 15

• Number bonds: 1+9, 2+8, 3+7, 4+6, 5+5 all equal 10

Solution: Exercises 4 to 5
4 Complex Addition
Exercise 4
Add: 7 + 8 using the "making 10" strategy
Definition:

Making 10 Strategy: Break apart numbers to form 10, then add the remainder

Original
7 + 8
Make 10
7 + 3 = 10
Remainder
8 - 3 = 5
Final
10 + 5 = 15
Step 1: Identify how many more to make 10

From 7 to make 10, we need 3 more

Step 2: Break apart the second number

8 = 3 + 5 (we take 3 to make 10 with 7)

Step 3: Add to make 10

7 + 3 = 10

Step 4: Add the remainder

10 + 5 = 15

Step 5: Verify the result

7 + 8 = 15 ✓

7 + 8 = 15
Final answer:

7 + 8 = 15

Applied rules:

• Number Bonds: Know that 7 + 3 = 10

• Decomposition: Break 8 into 3 + 5

• Associative Property: Group to make 10 first

5 Advanced Addition
Exercise 5
Add: 6 + 9 using the "making 10" strategy
Definition:

Making 10 Strategy: Break apart numbers to form 10, then add the remainder

Original
6 + 9
Make 10
6 + 4 = 10
Remainder
9 - 4 = 5
Final
10 + 5 = 15
Step 1: Identify how many more to make 10

From 6 to make 10, we need 4 more

Step 2: Break apart the second number

9 = 4 + 5 (we take 4 to make 10 with 6)

Step 3: Add to make 10

6 + 4 = 10

Step 4: Add the remainder

10 + 5 = 15

Step 5: Verify the result

6 + 9 = 15 ✓

6 + 9 = 15
Final answer:

6 + 9 = 15

Applied rules:

• Number Bonds: Know that 6 + 4 = 10

• Decomposition: Break 9 into 4 + 5

• Associative Property: Group to make 10 first

Making 10 to Add: Advanced Concepts and Strategies
8 + 7 = 8 + 2 + 5 = 10 + 5 = 15
Making 10 Strategy
Key definitions:

Making 10: A mental math strategy where you break apart numbers to form 10 first

Number Bonds: Pairs of numbers that add up to a specific total (especially 10)

Decomposition: Breaking apart numbers into smaller, more manageable parts

Associative Property: The way numbers are grouped doesn't change their sum (a + b) + c = a + (b + c)

Complete methodology:
  1. Analyze the problem: Look for opportunities to make 10
  2. Identify the strategy: Determine if making 10 will simplify the calculation
  3. Apply the method: Break apart numbers strategically to reach 10
  4. Complete the calculation: Add the remaining parts
  5. Verify the result: Check your answer by using another method
Tip 1: Practice the number bonds to 10 regularly: 1+9, 2+8, 3+7, 4+6, 5+5.
Tip 2: Use visual aids like ten frames or fingers to help visualize making 10.
Tip 3: Think "What do I need to add to get to 10?" when working with numbers near 10.
Tip 4: Start with easier problems like 9 + 1, 8 + 2 before moving to harder ones.
Common errors: Forgetting to add the remainder after making 10, miscounting when breaking apart numbers.
Key facts to memorize: The pairs that make 10: 1+9, 2+8, 3+7, 4+6, 5+5.
Formulas and strategies to know by heart:

• Making 10 addition: 8 + 7 = 8 + 2 + 5 = 10 + 5 = 15

• Breaking apart: 9 + 6 = 9 + 1 + 5 = 10 + 5 = 15

• Number bonds to 10: 1+9, 2+8, 3+7, 4+6, 5+5

• Pattern recognition: Numbers close to 10 (8, 9) are good candidates for making 10 strategy

Visual Learning: Ten Frame Representation
Exercise 6: Using Ten Frames
Visualize addition using ten frames:
8 + 7 = ?
9 + 6 = ?
7 + 8 = ?

Analysis: The visual representation shows how 8 + 7 works:

  • Top frame shows 8 yellow dots (8 from first number)
  • Bottom frame shows 2 blue dots added to complete 10
  • Remaining 5 blue dots go to the next frame
  • Total: 10 + 5 = 15

Questions & Answers

Question: My child has mastered basic addition but struggles with larger numbers. How does the "making 10" strategy help with more complex problems?

Answer: The "making 10" strategy becomes even more valuable for complex problems because it:

  • Builds Mental Math Skills: Students learn to break down complex problems into simpler, familiar parts
  • Develops Flexibility: Children learn multiple ways to approach the same problem
  • Prepares for Advanced Operations: This strategy extends to subtraction, multiplication, and place value understanding
  • Reduces Cognitive Load: Instead of memorizing every addition fact, children use patterns they know

For example, 8 + 7 becomes 10 + 5, which is much easier to compute mentally than trying to add 8 + 7 directly.

Question: When I do 9 + 6, I sometimes get confused about which number to break apart. Does it matter?

Answer: You can break apart either number, but it's usually easier to break apart the smaller number:

Option 1 (breaking 6): 9 + 6 = 9 + 1 + 5 = 10 + 5 = 15

Option 2 (breaking 9): 9 + 6 = 6 + 9 = 6 + 4 + 5 = 10 + 5 = 15

Both work, but breaking 6 into 1 + 5 is usually easier because you only need to find 1 more to make 10 with 9. The key is that the sum stays the same regardless of which number you break apart!

Question: How does the "making 10" strategy prepare my child for third-grade math?

Answer: The "making 10" strategy builds foundational skills essential for third-grade math:

  1. Place Value Understanding: Working with tens helps children understand our base-10 number system
  2. Mental Math: Develops flexible thinking and efficient computation skills
  3. Number Relationships: Children learn how numbers relate to each other and can be decomposed
  4. Foundation for Multi-Digit Operations: This strategy extends to adding and subtracting larger numbers

These skills are crucial for mastering regrouping, multiplication, and division in later grades.