Solved Exercises on Subtraction Within 10 in Grade 1

Master subtraction within 10: basic facts, visual representation, and problem solving through these 5 detailed exercises.

Solution: Exercises 1 to 3
1 Basic Subtraction Facts
Exercise 1
Solve: 7 - 3 = ?
Definition:

Subtraction: Taking away one number from another

Basic Facts: Subtraction problems with numbers from 0 to 10

Within 10: Problems where the minuend is 10 or less

Counting Back Method:
  1. Start with the first number (7)
  2. Count backward the second number of steps (3 steps back)
  3. Land on the final number which is the answer
  4. Write the complete equation
🍎
🍎
🍎
🍎
🍎
🍎
🍎
-
🍎
🍎
🍎
=
🍎
🍎
🍎
🍎
Step 1: Start with the first number

Start counting at 7

Step 2: Count backward 3 more numbers

Count: 6, 5, 4

Step 3: Land on the answer

We land on 4

Step 4: Write the equation

7 - 3 = 4

7 - 3 = 4
Final answer:

7 - 3 = 4

Applied rules:

• Counting backward: Subtracting means moving to smaller numbers

• Sequential counting: Count one number at a time backward

• Final position: The last number reached is the difference

2 Number Bonds
Exercise 2
Show how 6 can be broken down: 6 - ? = 2
Definition:

Number Bond: Shows how a number can be split into parts

Part-Whole Relationship: Smaller numbers that combine to make a larger number

6
4
2
Step 1: Identify the whole number

We start with 6 (the whole)

Step 2: Identify the remaining part

After subtraction, we have 2 left

Step 3: Find the missing part

Count down from 6 to 2: 6, 5, 4, 3, 2

We counted 4 numbers down, so the missing part is 4

Step 4: Verify the bond

4 + 2 = 6 ✓

6 - 4 = 2
Final answer:

6 - 4 = 2, so the missing number is 4

Applied rules:

• Number bonds: Help understand how numbers break apart

• Counting down: Start with the whole and count to the part

• Verification: Check that the parts add up to the whole

3 Finger Counting
Exercise 3
Solve: 8 - 5 = ? using fingers
Definition:

Finger Counting: Using fingers as physical counters

Tactile Learning: Using touch to understand numbers

8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Step 1: Show the first number

Start at 8 on your fingers

Step 2: Count backward

Count back 5: 7, 6, 5, 4, 3

Step 3: Count remaining fingers

Fingers left: 3

Step 4: State the answer

8 - 5 = 3

8 - 5 = 3
Final answer:

8 - 5 = 3

Applied rules:

• Tactile counting: Using fingers helps visualize subtraction

• Sequential counting: Count each number as you subtract

• Total verification: Count all remaining to confirm

Rules and methods, laws,...
\(7 - 3 = 4\)
Subtraction Within 10
Subtraction
Property
Not commutative
Identity
Property
n - 0 = n
Zero
Rule
Subtracting 0 changes nothing
Key definitions:

Subtraction: The operation of taking away one quantity from another

Difference: The result of a subtraction problem

Minuend: The number being subtracted from

Subtrahend: The number being subtracted

Complete methodology:
  1. Identify parts: Recognize the minuend and subtrahend
  2. Choose strategy: Counting, number bonds, or mental math
  3. Execute calculation: Perform the subtraction
  4. Verify answer: Check through reverse counting or addition
  5. Record result: Write the complete equation
Tip 1: Start with the larger number and count down.
Tip 2: Use your fingers when you need to visualize.
Tip 3: Practice number bonds regularly.
Tip 4: Look for patterns like doubles (5-5, 4-4).
Common errors: Miscounting, forgetting to count all subtracted, starting from wrong number.
Key concepts: Understanding that subtraction takes away, recognizing number patterns.
Rules to remember:

• Non-commutative: Order matters (8 - 3 ≠ 3 - 8)

• Identity: Subtracting 0 keeps the number the same

• Counting down: Subtraction means moving to smaller numbers

• Verification: Always check your answer

Subtraction Facts Table
1-1=0
2-1=1
2-2=0
3-1=2
3-2=1
3-3=0
4-1=3
4-2=2
4-3=1
4-4=0
5-1=4
5-2=3
5-3=2
5-4=1
5-5=0
6-1=5
6-2=4
6-3=3
6-4=2
6-5=1
6-6=0
7-1=6
7-2=5
7-3=4
7-4=3
7-5=2
7-6=1
7-7=0
8-1=7
8-2=6
8-3=5
8-4=4
8-5=3
8-6=2
8-7=1
8-8=0
9-1=8
9-2=7
9-3=6
9-4=5
9-5=4
9-6=3
9-7=2
9-8=1
9-9=0
10-1=9
10-2=8
10-3=7
10-4=6
10-5=5
10-6=4
10-7=3
10-8=2
10-9=1
10-10=0
Solution: Exercises 4 to 5
4 Word Problems
Exercise 4
Tom has 9 cookies. He eats 4 cookies. How many cookies does Tom have now?
Definition:

Word Problem: A math question written in story form

Real-world Application: Connecting math to everyday situations

Step 1: Identify what we know

Tom starts with 9 cookies

He eats 4 cookies

Step 2: Identify what we need to find

Total cookies Tom has now

Step 3: Set up the subtraction

Start with - Eaten = Remaining

9 - 4 = ?

Step 4: Solve using counting

Count: 9, 8, 7, 6, 5

So 9 - 4 = 5

9 - 4 = 5
Final answer:

Tom has 5 cookies now

Applied rules:

• Story understanding: Find the important numbers

• Keyword identification: "Eats" means subtraction

• Problem solving: Convert story to math equation

5 Mixed Subtraction Problems
Exercise 5
Solve: 6 - 3 = ? and 8 - 2 = ?
Definition:

Mixed Problems: Different subtraction problems to practice the method

Consistent Application: Using the same strategy for various problems

Step 1: Solve 6 - 3

Start at 6, count 3 backward: 5, 4, 3

So 6 - 3 = 3

Step 2: Solve 8 - 2

Start at 8, count 2 backward: 7, 6

So 8 - 2 = 6

Step 3: Notice the pattern

Both problems use the same counting backward strategy

Step 4: Verify both answers

Count jumps: 6 - 3 has 3 jumps, 8 - 2 has 2 jumps ✓

6 - 3 = 3
8 - 2 = 6
Final answer:

6 - 3 = 3 and 8 - 2 = 6

Applied rules:

• Consistent method: Same steps work for all problems

• Sequential counting: Always count one number at a time

• Verification: Always check your counting

Subtraction Within 10 - Complete Guide
\(8 - 3 = 5\)
Basic Subtraction Facts
Key definitions:

Subtraction: The mathematical operation of taking away one quantity from another

Within 10: Subtraction problems where the minuend does not exceed 10

Minuend: The number being subtracted from in a subtraction problem

Complete methodology:
  1. Number Recognition: Identify the numbers to be subtracted
  2. Strategy Selection: Choose counting, number bonds, or mental math
  3. Sequential Execution: Perform the subtraction step by step
  4. Result Verification: Check the answer through alternative method
  5. Equation Recording: Write the complete mathematical sentence
Tip 1: Start with the larger number and count down to save time.
Tip 2: Practice number bonds to build instant recall.
Tip 3: Use fingers or objects when visualizing is helpful.
Tip 4: Look for patterns like doubles (5-5, 4-4) to build patterns.
Visual benefits: Concrete objects and visual aids make abstract concepts understandable.
Memory aids: Repeated practice builds automaticity for future math.
Essential formulas:

• Subtraction equation: Minuend - Subtrahend = Difference

• Non-commutative property: a - b ≠ b - a

• Identity property: n - 0 = n

• Counting sequence: Each number is one more than the previous

Subtraction Within 10 Workflow

📊
Step-by-Step Process
1
See Numbers
2
Choose Method
3
Count Down
4
Verify
5
Write
Subtraction Patterns

10 - 1 = 9

9 - 1 = 8

8 - 1 = 7

7 - 1 = 6

6 - 1 = 5

Practice Makes Perfect!

Questions & Answers

Question: Why do we only learn subtraction within 10? Isn't that too easy?

Answer: Great question! Subtraction within 10 might seem easy, but it's actually the foundation for all future math. Here's why it's important:

  • Building blocks: These basic facts are used in every subtraction problem forever
  • Automatic recall: Once you know 7 - 3 = 4 instantly, you can focus on harder problems
  • Understanding concepts: You learn what subtraction really means
  • Confidence building: Success with basics leads to success with harder problems

Think of it like learning to walk before running. You need to master the basics first!

Example: Later, you'll use 17 - 3 = 14 by knowing 7 - 3 = 4.

Question: My child sometimes counts 8 - 3 and gets 6 instead of 5. How can I help them be more accurate?

Answer: This is very common! Here are strategies to improve accuracy:

  • Slow counting: Have them count slowly and touch each number
  • Start with larger number: Count 8, then 7, 6, 5 (not 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
  • Double-check method: Count the answer twice to verify
  • Use fingers: Show 8 fingers, then fold down 3, count remaining

Try this activity: Have your child start at 8, then count 7, 6, 5 while touching objects. This ensures they count the right number of steps.

Practice daily with small problems until accuracy becomes automatic!

Question: Sometimes I forget the answer to 6 - 2. Do I always have to count?

Answer: At first, counting is perfectly fine! But here are ways to remember without always counting:

  • Practice makes memory: The more you practice, the more you'll remember
  • Look for patterns: 6 - 2 is the same as 2 less than 6
  • Use what you know: If you know 5 - 2 = 3, then 6 - 2 = 4 (one more)
  • Visual memory: Picture 6 objects and take 2 away

Start by counting, but over time you'll remember that 6 - 2 = 4 automatically. It takes practice!

Think of it like learning to tie shoes - you start slowly and get faster with practice.

Question: What are some fun ways to practice subtraction facts at home?

Answer: Fun practice makes learning stick! Here are engaging activities:

  • Card games: Flip two cards and subtract the smaller from the larger
  • Snack math: Use crackers, grapes, or raisins to subtract
  • Toy problems: Use toy cars, blocks, or dolls
  • Outdoor math: Jump rope while counting, or use sidewalk chalk

Fun activities:

  • Create subtraction songs or rhymes
  • Play "Subtraction War" with playing cards
  • Use dice to generate random problems
  • Make subtraction bracelets with beads

The key is making math feel like play, not work!