Solved Exercises on Word Problems Within 10 in Grade 2

Master word problems within 10: addition, subtraction, and problem-solving strategies through these 5 detailed exercises.

Solution: Exercises 1 to 3
1 Basic addition word problem
Exercise 1
Sarah has 3 apples. Her mom gives her 4 more apples. How many apples does Sarah have now?
Definition:

Word problem: A mathematical problem presented in everyday language requiring translation to numerical operations.

Word problem solving method:
  1. Read the problem carefully
  2. Identify the numbers in the problem
  3. Determine if it's addition or subtraction
  4. Set up the equation
  5. Solve the equation
  6. Write the answer in a complete sentence
Sarah has 3 apples. Her mom gives her 4 more apples. How many apples does Sarah have now?
3 + 4 = ?
3
+
4
=
7
Step 1: Identify the numbers - Sarah has 3 apples, gets 4 more
Step 2: Determine operation - "gives her more" means addition
Step 3: Set up equation - 3 + 4 = 7
Step 4: Write answer - Sarah has 7 apples
Step 1: Identify the numbers

Sarah has 3 apples initially, gets 4 more apples

Step 2: Determine the operation

"Her mom gives her 4 more" indicates addition

Step 3: Set up the equation

3 + 4 = 7

Step 4: Write the complete answer

Sarah has 7 apples now.

Sarah has 7 apples.
Final answer:

Sarah has 7 apples.

Applied rules:

• Keywords for addition: "more", "added", "total", "altogether", "combined"

• Identify numbers: Find the numbers mentioned in the problem

• Context matters: Understand what the problem is asking

2 Basic subtraction word problem
Exercise 2
Tom has 8 pencils. He gives 3 pencils to his friend. How many pencils does Tom have left?
Definition:

Subtraction word problem: A problem where something is taken away, indicating subtraction.

Tom has 8 pencils. He gives 3 pencils to his friend. How many pencils does Tom have left?
8 - 3 = ?
8
-
3
=
5
Step 1: Identify the numbers - Tom has 8 pencils, gives away 3
Step 2: Determine operation - "gives to" means subtraction
Step 3: Set up equation - 8 - 3 = 5
Step 4: Write answer - Tom has 5 pencils left
Step 1: Identify the numbers

Tom has 8 pencils initially, gives away 3 pencils

Step 2: Determine the operation

"He gives 3 pencils" indicates subtraction

Step 3: Set up the equation

8 - 3 = 5

Step 4: Write the complete answer

Tom has 5 pencils left.

Step 5: Verify the answer

Check: 5 + 3 = 8 ✓

Tom has 5 pencils left.
Final answer:

Tom has 5 pencils left.

Applied rules:

• Keywords for subtraction: "gives", "takes", "left", "remaining", "less", "away"

• Identify numbers: Find the numbers mentioned in the problem

• Context matters: Understand what the problem is asking

3 Comparison word problem
Exercise 3
Mary has 6 cookies. John has 4 cookies. How many more cookies does Mary have than John?
Definition:

Comparison word problem: A problem that asks for the difference between two quantities.

Mary has 6 cookies. John has 4 cookies. How many more cookies does Mary have than John?
6 - 4 = ?
6
-
4
=
2
Step 1: Identify the numbers - Mary has 6, John has 4
Step 2: Determine operation - "how many more" means subtraction
Step 3: Set up equation - 6 - 4 = 2
Step 4: Write answer - Mary has 2 more cookies than John
Step 1: Identify the numbers

Mary has 6 cookies, John has 4 cookies

Step 2: Determine the operation

"How many more" indicates subtraction (finding the difference)

Step 3: Set up the equation

6 - 4 = 2

Step 4: Write the complete answer

Mary has 2 more cookies than John.

Mary has 2 more cookies than John.
Final answer:

Mary has 2 more cookies than John.

Applied rules:

• Keywords for comparison: "more than", "less than", "difference", "how many more", "how many less"

• Identify numbers: Find both quantities to compare

• Subtraction for differences: Use subtraction to find how much more or less

Rules and methods, laws,...
Word Problem = Read + Identify + Operate + Answer
Word Problem Solving Formula
Addition Keywords
More, Total, Altogether
Indicate addition
Subtraction Keywords
Less, Left, Gives Away
Indicate subtraction
Comparison Keywords
More Than, Less Than, Difference
Indicate finding differences
Key definitions:

Word problem: A mathematical problem presented in everyday language requiring translation to numerical operations.

Addition: Finding the sum of two or more numbers by combining them.

Subtraction: Finding the difference between two numbers by taking one away from another.

Keyword: Words that indicate which mathematical operation to use.

Context: The real-world situation described in the problem.

Solution: The process of finding the answer to a problem.

Complete methodology:
  1. Read carefully: Read the entire problem to understand the situation
  2. Identify numbers: Find all the numbers mentioned in the problem
  3. Look for keywords: Identify words that indicate addition or subtraction
  4. Determine operation: Decide whether to add or subtract
  5. Set up equation: Write the mathematical equation
  6. Solve: Calculate the answer
  7. Answer in context: Write the answer in a complete sentence that addresses the question
Tip 1: Always read the problem completely before trying to solve it.
Tip 2: Circle or underline the numbers in the problem.
Tip 3: Look for keywords that tell you whether to add or subtract.
Tip 4: Draw pictures or use objects to visualize the problem.
Tip 5: Always check if your answer makes sense in the context of the problem.
Tip 6: Write your answer in a complete sentence that answers the question.
Common errors: Misreading the problem, using the wrong operation, forgetting to answer the question, not checking if the answer makes sense.
Key insight: Word problems are just real-life situations that require mathematical thinking.
Rules to remember:

• Addition keywords: "more", "total", "altogether", "combined", "sum", "increased by"

• Subtraction keywords: "less", "left", "gives", "takes", "away", "remaining", "difference"

• Understand context: Make sure your answer fits the situation described

• Check reasonableness: Verify that your answer makes sense

• Complete sentences: Always answer the question in a full sentence

Solution: Exercises 4 to 5
4 Mixed operations word problem
Exercise 4
Emma had 7 stickers. She found 2 more stickers. Then she gave 3 stickers to her sister. How many stickers does Emma have now?
Definition:

Mixed operations: A problem that involves both addition and subtraction operations.

Emma had 7 stickers. She found 2 more stickers. Then she gave 3 stickers to her sister. How many stickers does Emma have now?
7 + 2 - 3 = ?
7
+
2
-
3
=
6
Step 1: Identify the numbers - Emma starts with 7, finds 2 more, gives away 3
Step 2: Determine operations - First addition (found more), then subtraction (gave away)
Step 3: Set up equation - 7 + 2 - 3 = 6
Step 4: Write answer - Emma has 6 stickers now
Step 1: Identify the numbers

Emma starts with 7 stickers, finds 2 more, gives away 3

Step 2: Determine the operations

"She found 2 more" means addition, "she gave 3" means subtraction

Step 3: Set up the equation

7 + 2 - 3 = 6

Step 4: Write the complete answer

Emma has 6 stickers now.

Step 5: Verify the answer

Check: 7 + 2 = 9, then 9 - 3 = 6 ✓

Emma has 6 stickers now.
Final answer:

Emma has 6 stickers now.

Applied rules:

• Sequence matters: Perform operations in the order they occur in the problem

• Multiple keywords: Look for different keywords for each operation

• Context matters: Understand the sequence of events in the problem

5 Part-whole relationship
Exercise 5
There are 9 children on the playground. 4 children are playing soccer. The rest are playing tag. How many children are playing tag?
Definition:

Part-whole relationship: A problem where the total is known and one part is known, so the other part must be found.

There are 9 children on the playground. 4 children are playing soccer. The rest are playing tag. How many children are playing tag?
9 - 4 = ?
9
-
4
=
5
Step 1: Identify the numbers - Total is 9, soccer players are 4
Step 2: Determine operation - "the rest" means subtraction
Step 3: Set up equation - 9 - 4 = 5
Step 4: Write answer - 5 children are playing tag
Step 1: Identify the numbers

Total children = 9, soccer players = 4, tag players = unknown

Step 2: Determine the operation

"The rest" means we need to subtract the soccer players from the total

Step 3: Set up the equation

9 - 4 = 5

Step 4: Write the complete answer

5 children are playing tag.

Step 5: Verify the answer

Check: 4 + 5 = 9 ✓

5 children are playing tag.
Final answer:

5 children are playing tag.

Applied rules:

• Part-whole relationships: Total - Part = Other Part

• Keywords for parts: "the rest", "remaining", "other", "left over"

• Verification: Check that all parts add up to the whole

Complete Summary: Word Problems Within 10
Word Problem = Read + Identify + Operate + Answer
Word Problem Solving Formula
Key definitions:

Word problem: A mathematical problem presented in everyday language requiring translation to numerical operations.

Addition: Finding the sum of two or more numbers by combining them.

Subtraction: Finding the difference between two numbers by taking one away from another.

Keyword: Words that indicate which mathematical operation to use.

Context: The real-world situation described in the problem.

Solution: The process of finding the answer to a problem.

Part-whole relationship: Understanding how parts combine to make a whole.

Complete methodology:
  1. Read carefully: Read the entire problem to understand the situation
  2. Identify numbers: Find all the numbers mentioned in the problem
  3. Look for keywords: Identify words that indicate addition or subtraction
  4. Determine operation: Decide whether to add or subtract
  5. Set up equation: Write the mathematical equation
  6. Solve: Calculate the answer
  7. Answer in context: Write the answer in a complete sentence that addresses the question
  8. Verify: Check if your answer makes sense in the context of the problem
Tip 1: Always read the problem completely before trying to solve it.
Tip 2: Circle or underline the numbers in the problem.
Tip 3: Look for keywords that tell you whether to add or subtract.
Tip 4: Draw pictures or use objects to visualize the problem.
Tip 5: Always check if your answer makes sense in the context of the problem.
Tip 6: Write your answer in a complete sentence that answers the question.
Tip 7: For mixed operations, perform them in the order they occur in the problem.
Tip 8: Use part-whole relationships when the total and one part are known.
Common errors: Misreading the problem, using the wrong operation, forgetting to answer the question, not checking if the answer makes sense, skipping steps in the solution process.
Key insight: Word problems are just real-life situations that require mathematical thinking.
Memory aid: Think "RIDA" - Read, Identify, Determine operation, Answer.
Checking method: Always verify that your answer makes sense in the context of the problem.
Rules to know by heart:

• Addition keywords: "more", "total", "altogether", "combined", "sum", "increased by", "added"

• Subtraction keywords: "less", "left", "gives", "takes", "away", "remaining", "difference", "how many more", "how many less"

• Part-whole keywords: "the rest", "remaining", "other", "left over", "what's left"

• Understand context: Make sure your answer fits the situation described

• Check reasonableness: Verify that your answer makes sense

• Complete sentences: Always answer the question in a full sentence

• Order matters: For mixed operations, follow the sequence in the problem

Multiple Examples

Basic addition: "Sarah has 3 apples. Her mom gives her 4 more apples." (3 + 4 = 7)

Basic subtraction: "Tom has 8 pencils. He gives 3 pencils to his friend." (8 - 3 = 5)

Comparison: "Mary has 6 cookies. John has 4 cookies. How many more?" (6 - 4 = 2)

Mixed operations: "Emma had 7 stickers. Found 2 more. Gave 3 away." (7 + 2 - 3 = 6)

Part-whole: "9 children total, 4 playing soccer, rest playing tag." (9 - 4 = 5)

Verification: 4 + 5 = 9 ✓

Questions & Answers

Question: How do I know if I should add or subtract in a word problem? Sometimes the words confuse me.

Answer: Great question! Here are some clues to help you decide:

  • Addition words: "more", "total", "altogether", "combined", "sum", "in all", "added"
  • Subtraction words: "less", "left", "gives", "takes", "away", "remaining", "difference"

Also think about the situation:

  • Are things being combined or joined together? That's addition.
  • Are things being taken away or separated? That's subtraction.

For example: "Sarah has 3 apples and gets 4 more" → Getting more means adding. "Tom had 8 pencils and gave 3 away" → Giving away means subtracting.

Question: My child solves the math correctly but forgets to answer the question in a complete sentence. How can I help them remember?

Answer: This is very common! Here are strategies to help:

  1. Circle the question: Have your child underline or circle the actual question in the problem
  2. Use the question words: Start the answer with words from the question (e.g., if it asks "How many?", start with "There are..." or "She has...")
  3. Practice the format: "The answer is _____" until it becomes natural
  4. Check back: After solving, ask "Did I answer the exact question that was asked?"

For example, if the question is "How many apples does Sarah have now?", the answer should be "Sarah has 7 apples now." Not just "7".

Question: What should I do if I don't understand a word problem? It seems too hard.

Answer: Don't worry, word problems can seem tricky at first! Try these steps:

  1. Read it slowly: Go through the problem one sentence at a time
  2. Find the numbers: Circle or underline all the numbers you see
  3. Look for action words: Find words that tell you what's happening (giving, getting, having)
  4. Draw a picture: Sketch what's happening in the problem
  5. Ask yourself: "What is the problem asking me to find?"

Remember: Every word problem is just a story with numbers. Break it down into small pieces and take it one step at a time!

If you're still stuck, ask a teacher or parent for help - everyone needs support sometimes!