Doubles facts: Addition problems where the same number is added to itself
Note: Doubles facts are foundational for mental math and help with other addition strategies.
- Recognize that we're adding the same number twice
- Count the number of groups: 2 groups of 7
- Multiply: 2 × 7 = 14
We're adding 7 twice: 7 + 7
2 groups of 7 objects: ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ and ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
Total: 7 + 7 = 14 objects
7 + 7 = 14
• Doubles: Same number added to itself
• Pattern: Doubles always result in even numbers
• Memory tip: Practice doubles facts until automatic
- 5 + 5 = 10 - Practice with smaller doubles
- 8 + 8 = 16 - Practice with medium doubles
- 4 + 4 = 8 - Practice with single digits
- Doubles always result in even numbers
- Memorize doubles facts for mental math speed
- Use doubles to help with near doubles
Q: Why are doubles facts important?
A: They build fluency and help with other addition strategies like near doubles.
Q: What numbers can be doubled?
A: Any number can be doubled, but we focus on 1-10 for early grades.
Doubles plus 1: Addition problems where one number is 1 more than the other
Note: This strategy uses the doubles fact and adds 1 more to the result.
- Recognize that 8 is 1 more than 7
- Use the doubles fact: 7 + 7 = 14
- Add 1 more: 14 + 1 = 15
8 is exactly 1 more than 7
We know 7 + 7 = 14
Since 8 is 1 more than 7, add 1 to the doubles result: 14 + 1 = 15
7 + 8 = 15
• Doubles plus 1: One number is exactly 1 more than the other
• Strategy: Use doubles fact and add 1
• Memory tip: This is the same as near doubles
- 6 + 7: Use 6 + 6 = 12, then 12 + 1 = 13
- 8 + 9: Use 8 + 8 = 16, then 16 + 1 = 17
- 5 + 6: Use 5 + 5 = 10, then 10 + 1 = 11
- Look for numbers that are 1 apart
- Always use the smaller number for the doubles fact
- Add 1 to the doubles result
Q: What is doubles plus 1?
A: Addition problems where one number is 1 more than the other, like 7+8 or 9+10.
Q: How is this different from regular near doubles?
A: Doubles plus 1 is a specific case of near doubles where the difference is exactly 1.
Doubles minus 1: Addition problems where one number is 1 less than the other
Note: This strategy uses the larger number's doubles fact and subtracts 1 from the result.
- Recognize that 8 is 1 less than 9
- Use the doubles fact: 9 + 9 = 18
- Subtract 1: 18 - 1 = 17
8 is exactly 1 less than 9
We know 9 + 9 = 18
Since 8 is 1 less than 9, subtract 1 from the doubles result: 18 - 1 = 17
9 + 8 = 17
• Doubles minus 1: One number is exactly 1 less than the other
• Strategy: Use the larger number's doubles fact and subtract 1
• Memory tip: This is the reverse of doubles plus 1
- 6 + 5: Use 6 + 6 = 12, then 12 - 1 = 11
- 8 + 7: Use 8 + 8 = 16, then 16 - 1 = 15
- 4 + 3: Use 4 + 4 = 8, then 8 - 1 = 7
- Look for numbers that are 1 apart
- Use the larger number for the doubles fact
- Subtract 1 from the doubles result
Q: What is doubles minus 1?
A: Addition problems where one number is 1 less than the other, like 9+8 or 7+6.
Q: How do I solve doubles minus 1?
A: Use the doubles fact for the larger number and subtract 1.
Identifying doubles: Recognizing when an addition problem has the same number twice
Note: Being able to identify doubles quickly helps with mental math strategies.
- Look at both numbers in the addition problem
- Check if they are the same number
- If yes, it's a doubles fact
- Calculate: 6 + 6 = 12
Both numbers are 6
Since both numbers are the same, this is a doubles fact
6 + 6 = 12
Yes, 6 + 6 is a doubles fact. The answer is 12.
• Identification: Check if both addends are the same
• Pattern recognition: Doubles facts have identical addends
• Memory tip: Practice recognizing doubles patterns
- 5 + 5: Yes, doubles fact → 10
- 7 + 7: Yes, doubles fact → 14
- 4 + 5: No, not a doubles fact
- Look for identical numbers in addition problems
- Practice recognizing doubles quickly
- Memorize doubles facts for mental math fluency
Q: How do I know if an addition problem is a doubles fact?
A: Check if both numbers being added are the same.
Q: What if the numbers are different?
A: Then it's not a doubles fact, but might be a near doubles fact.
Missing doubles: Finding the number that, when doubled, equals a given sum
Note: This involves understanding the inverse of doubles facts.
- Think: ? + ? = 18, or ? × 2 = 18
- Find half of 18
- 18 ÷ 2 = 9
- Check: 9 + 9 = 18
We need a number that when added to itself equals 18
To find the number, divide 18 by 2: 18 ÷ 2 = 9
Check: 9 + 9 = 18 ✓
The number is 9
• Missing doubles: Find the number that when doubled equals the target
• Strategy: Divide the total by 2
• Verification: Always check by doubling the answer
- ? + ? = 14 → 14 ÷ 2 = 7 → 7 + 7 = 14
- ? + ? = 16 → 16 ÷ 2 = 8 → 8 + 8 = 16
- ? + ? = 12 → 12 ÷ 2 = 6 → 6 + 6 = 12
- To find a missing double, divide the total by 2
- Always verify by doubling your answer
- This connects to division concepts
Q: How do I find missing doubles?
A: Divide the total by 2 to find the number that was doubled.
Q: What if the total is odd?
A: Odd totals cannot be doubles of whole numbers (e.g., nothing doubled equals 7).