Solved Exercises on Making Change Synonyms in Grade 2

Master making change with money: counting coins, calculating differences, solving word problems through these 5 detailed exercises.

Solution: Exercises 1 to 3
1 Counting Coins
Exercise 1
Sarah has 3 quarters, 2 dimes, and 4 pennies. How much money does she have?
Definition:

Counting coins: Adding up the value of each type of coin to find the total amount of money

Coin counting method:
  1. Identify the value of each type of coin
  2. Multiply the number of each coin by its value
  3. Add all the amounts together
Coin Values
Quarter: 25¢
Dime: 10¢
Penny: 1¢
Calculations
3×25¢ = 75¢
2×10¢ = 20¢
4×1¢ = 4¢
Total
75¢ + 20¢ + 4¢ = 99¢
Step 1: Identify coin values

Quarters are worth 25 cents each, dimes are worth 10 cents each, and pennies are worth 1 cent each

Step 2: Calculate value of each type of coin

3 quarters: 3 × 25¢ = 75¢

2 dimes: 2 × 10¢ = 20¢

4 pennies: 4 × 1¢ = 4¢

Step 3: Add all amounts together

75¢ + 20¢ + 4¢ = 99¢

Sarah has 99¢ or $0.99
Final answer:

Sarah has 99 cents or $0.99

Applied rules:

• Coin values: Quarter = 25¢, Dime = 10¢, Nickel = 5¢, Penny = 1¢

• Multiplication: Number of coins × Value per coin

• Addition: Sum all calculated values

2 Making Change
Exercise 2
Tom buys a toy that costs 65¢. He pays with a dollar ($1.00). How much change should he get back?
Definition:

Making change: The amount returned when you pay more than the cost of an item

Amount Paid
$1.00 = 100¢
Cost
65¢
Change
100¢ - 65¢ = 35¢
Step 1: Convert dollar to cents

$1.00 = 100 cents

Step 2: Subtract cost from amount paid

Change = Amount paid - Cost of item

Change = 100¢ - 65¢ = 35¢

Step 3: Express the change

Tom should receive 35 cents in change

Tom gets 35¢ change
Final answer:

Tom should receive 35 cents in change

Applied rules:

• Change formula: Change = Amount paid - Cost

• Conversion: $1.00 = 100¢

• Subtraction: Calculate the difference

3 Word Problem
Exercise 3
Lisa has $1.25. She spends 85¢ on candy. How much money does she have left?
Definition:

Money remaining: The amount left after spending some money

Starting Amount
$1.25 = 125¢
Amount Spent
85¢
Remaining
125¢ - 85¢ = 40¢
Step 1: Convert dollars to cents

$1.25 = 125 cents

Step 2: Subtract spent amount from starting amount

Remaining = Starting amount - Amount spent

Remaining = 125¢ - 85¢ = 40¢

Step 3: Express the remaining amount

Lisa has 40 cents left

Lisa has 40¢ left
Final answer:

Lisa has 40 cents left

Applied rules:

• Conversion: $1.25 = 125¢

• Subtraction: Remaining = Starting amount - Spent amount

• Money calculation: Keep units consistent (cents)

Money Facts and Methods
Change = Amount Paid - Cost
Making Change Formula
Coin Values
Quarter = 25¢
Dime = 10¢
Coin Values
Nickel = 5¢
Penny = 1¢
Conversions
$1.00 = 100¢
4 quarters = $1.00
Key definitions:

Making change: Giving back money when payment exceeds the cost

Total cost: The price of items being purchased

Money remaining: What's left after spending

Complete methodology:
  1. Read the problem: Identify what's given and what's needed
  2. Convert units: Make sure all amounts are in the same unit (cents)
  3. Choose operation: Addition for counting, subtraction for change
  4. Calculate: Perform the math operation
  5. Check: Make sure answer makes sense
Tip 1: Remember: $1.00 = 100 cents, so convert dollars to cents before calculating.
Tip 2: Always subtract the smaller number from the larger number to make change.
Tip 3: Check your answer: Cost + Change = Amount Paid.
Tip 4: Use coins to physically count when learning (hands-on practice).
Common errors: Forgetting to convert dollars to cents, subtracting in wrong order, miscounting coin values.
Practice tips: Count real coins, play store games, practice with word problems daily.
Formulas to know by heart:

• Change = Amount Paid - Cost

• Money Left = Starting Amount - Amount Spent

• Total Cost = Sum of all items

• $1.00 = 100¢

• Quarter = 25¢, Dime = 10¢, Nickel = 5¢, Penny = 1¢

Solution: Exercises 4 to 5
4 Shopping Scenario
Exercise 4
Maria buys a book for $1.45. She pays with $2.00. How much change does she receive? Show different ways to make the change.
Definition:

Multiple ways to make change: Different combinations of coins that equal the same amount

Amount Paid
$2.00 = 200¢
Cost
$1.45 = 145¢
Change
200¢ - 145¢ = 55¢
Step 1: Convert dollars to cents

$2.00 = 200 cents, $1.45 = 145 cents

Step 2: Calculate the change

Change = 200¢ - 145¢ = 55¢

Step 3: Find different ways to make 55¢

Possible combinations:

- 2 quarters and 1 nickel (50¢ + 5¢ = 55¢)

- 5 dimes and 1 nickel (50¢ + 5¢ = 55¢)

- 1 quarter, 3 dimes (25¢ + 30¢ = 55¢)

Maria receives 55¢ in change
Final answer:

Maria receives 55 cents in change. Different ways to make this:

• 2 quarters and 1 nickel

• 5 dimes and 1 nickel

• 1 quarter, 3 dimes

Applied rules:

• Change calculation: Amount paid minus cost

• Coin combinations: Different ways to make the same amount

• Verification: Add up coin values to confirm total

5 Savings Problem
Exercise 5
Jake had $2.50 in his piggy bank. He spent $1.75 on a toy. Then he found 45¢ on the sidewalk and added it to his piggy bank. How much money does he have now?
Definition:

Multi-step money problems: Problems requiring multiple operations to solve

Starting Amount
$2.50
After Spending
$2.50 - $1.75 = $0.75
After Adding
$0.75 + $0.45 = $1.20
Step 1: Start with initial amount

Jake starts with $2.50

Step 2: Subtract the amount spent

$2.50 - $1.75 = $0.75 remaining

Step 3: Add the found money

$0.75 + $0.45 = $1.20

Step 4: State the final amount

Jake now has $1.20 in his piggy bank

Jake has $1.20 now
Final answer:

Jake now has $1.20 in his piggy bank

Applied rules:

• Multi-step problems: Solve one operation at a time

• Order of operations: Follow the sequence of events

• Money management: Track increases and decreases separately

Detailed Summary: Making Change Synonyms
Complete Learning Summary
Key Concepts & Definitions

Making Change: Returning money when payment exceeds the cost of an item

Synonyms for "Making Change": Giving back, returning money, getting money back

Money: Currency used to buy goods and services

Cost: The price of an item

Amount Paid: What you give to buy something

Core Rules & Principles

• Change Formula: Change = Amount Paid - Cost

• Unit Consistency: Always work in the same units (cents or dollars)

• Subtraction Order: Always subtract the smaller amount from the larger

• Verification: Cost + Change = Amount Paid

• Coin Values: Quarter = 25¢, Dime = 10¢, Nickel = 5¢, Penny = 1¢

Step-by-Step Method

1. Identify: Find what you know (cost, amount paid)

2. Convert: Make sure units are the same (cents)

3. Calculate: Use Change = Amount Paid - Cost

4. Verify: Check that your answer makes sense

5. Express: Write the answer clearly

Examples & Applications

Simple: Item costs 25¢, you pay 50¢ → Change = 50¢ - 25¢ = 25¢

Medium: Item costs $1.25, you pay $2.00 → Change = $2.00 - $1.25 = $0.75

Advanced: Multiple items, different denominations, making change in different coin combinations

Real World: Shopping, vending machines, restaurant bills

Tips & Tricks

• Count Up: Start at cost and count up to amount paid

• Round Numbers: Use benchmarks like 25¢, 50¢, $1.00

• Estimate First: Get a rough idea before calculating

• Check Your Work: Always verify your answer

• Practice with Real Money: Hands-on experience helps

Memory Aids

• Rhyme: "What you paid minus what it cost, gives you money that you got!"

• Visual: Think of a number line from cost to amount paid

• Pattern: The bigger number always goes first in subtraction

• Memory Trick: "Change" sounds like "exchange" - you exchange extra money for coins

• Key Words: "left over," "get back," "remaining" mean subtraction

Tip 1: Practice with real coins to build tactile understanding of values.
Tip 2: Always line up decimal points when adding or subtracting money.
Tip 3: Count up from the cost to the amount paid to check change.
Tip 4: Use estimation to verify if your answer is reasonable.
Common errors: Confusing coin values, incorrect conversion between dollars and cents, miscalculating change.
Success strategies: Draw pictures of coins, use physical manipulatives, practice regularly with real-world scenarios.
Essential Formulas:

• Change = Amount Paid - Cost

• Money Left = Starting Amount - Amount Spent

• Total = Sum of all individual amounts

• $1.00 = 100¢

• Quarter = 25¢, Dime = 10¢, Nickel = 5¢, Penny = 1¢

Questions & Answers

Question: I don't understand how to figure out the change when someone pays with a dollar bill. Can you explain how to make change?

Answer: Making change is like finding the difference between what was paid and what was owed!

  • First, convert everything to the same unit (cents): $1.00 = 100 cents
  • Then subtract: Change = Amount Paid - Cost
  • For example, if something costs 75¢ and you pay with $1.00 (100¢), then: 100¢ - 75¢ = 25¢ change

Think of it as: "How many more cents do I need to reach what was paid?" If the item costs 75¢ and you gave 100¢, you need 25¢ more to make it equal.

Practice by counting up: Start at the cost (75¢) and count up to the amount paid (100¢). That's your change!

Question: How do I know if I have enough money to buy something? And how do I count my coins correctly?

Answer: Great questions! Here's how to approach both:

Checking if you have enough money:

  • Count all your money first (add up all coins and bills)
  • Compare your total to the cost of the item
  • If your money is greater than or equal to the cost, you have enough!

Counting coins correctly:

  • Sort coins by type (quarters, dimes, nickels, pennies)
  • Count each type separately: 3 quarters = 3 × 25¢ = 75¢
  • Add all the totals together

Example: 2 quarters (50¢) + 3 dimes (30¢) + 4 pennies (4¢) = 84¢ total

Tip: Always count the highest value coins first (quarters, then dimes, etc.)

Question: What are the different ways to make 50 cents? I want to know all the coin combinations.

Answer: There are many ways to make 50 cents! Here are the most common combinations:

  • 2 quarters (25¢ + 25¢ = 50¢)
  • 5 dimes (10¢ × 5 = 50¢)
  • 10 nickels (5¢ × 10 = 50¢)
  • 50 pennies (1¢ × 50 = 50¢)
  • 1 quarter + 2 dimes + 1 nickel (25¢ + 20¢ + 5¢ = 50¢)
  • 1 quarter + 5 nickels (25¢ + 25¢ = 50¢)
  • 4 dimes + 2 nickels (40¢ + 10¢ = 50¢)
  • 3 dimes + 4 nickels (30¢ + 20¢ = 50¢)

To find combinations systematically:

  1. Start with the largest coin (quarter) and see how many fit
  2. Fill the remainder with smaller coins
  3. Decrease the number of large coins and repeat

This helps develop number sense and understanding of equivalent values!